Waxa laga sameeyo deynti u qabay gof dhintay
What to do about debts when someone dies

Marku qof dhinto, deynta waxa laga qadan kara xoolihi ama lacagti u katagay (estate). Qofkale looma bahna in u bixiyo hadi usan deynta wax ka qabin, sida hadi deyntu labadooda magacba aan lagu qaadan ama u san wakiil ka qadin. In la habbeeyo xoolaha u qofku katagay wareer bey noqon karta. Waxaadna u bahnan karta talo xaga sharciga. Qoralkaan waxuu kusinaya warbixin asas ama gogol dhig ah oo kaa cawina goansiga waxad ka sameynaysid deynta.

Hoyga Ama Guriga amahada guryaha lagu qaatay

Marka aad guri ku qadatan si wadajir ah oo magacyadiinu wadajir ugu yaal, waxaa jira labo nooc oo aad uyelan kartan

Dad si wadajir hoy u wadaaga

Tan waxay ahan jirtay in hadi aad qof guri isula lahaydeen sidi dad si wadajir hoy u wadaaga (joint tenants) oo qofkin dhinto guriga si aan dhiblahen bu qof ki nola ku wareegi jiray. Tan micnaheedu waxuu yahay gurigi lo ma gadi karo si lo bixiyo deynti gofkii dhintay, lakiin laga bilabo bishi Abril 2001 sharciyadii waa la badalay. Hadda waxaa surtagal ah in amahiyashu dalbadan amar lagu ibiyo qaybta qofkii dhintay si deynti loo bixiyo ila iyo 5 sanadood gudahood marku u qofku dhinto, taaso dhexda ku dhufaneeysa gurigii sidi iyado deynta lagu laha dad guriga u dhexayo (tenacy in common). Qofka nool ba lagu amri kara in u bixiyo deynta hadi kale qatar u ku jiro in guriga laga gado. Nus inta guriga lagu gado aya laga bixin deynti guriga lagu gatay (Mortgage), wixi soo harana waxa laga bixinaya deynti marxunka lagu laha hadi ayan max kamadu eyan aqoonsan in ay jirto xaalad gaar ah.

Tan macnaheedu waxuu yahay inay muhim tahay in qofka nool lasamaysto qorsho u deynta ku bixinayo amahiyha. Una iska ila liyo in sharcigan guri in nus lagadi karo in u ku dhaqan galo.

Dad guri u dhexeyo (Tenants in Common)

Hadi aad guri ledahay habka guriga adiga iyo qofkale idinka dhexeyo sid dad guriga u dhexeyo (Tenants in Common). Hada qofkii kulalahaa dhintay waa in lagu warejiya guriga intu ku laha si sharciah ee gurigana iskama kaa soo wareegayo markiiba (Automatically). Haddi deymo jiran qofka dhintay lagu laha waxa laga bixinaya nuski u laha. Deynta marka la bixiyo waxii hara waxa la sinaya qofkii dhaxlkoda laha. Dardaran qoran haddi u san jirin marka waxa jiro sharciyo sheegaya qofka la sinayo dhaxal kiisa.

Sida loo ogan karo

Si aad u ogatid in aad lahayad guri habka dad guriga u dhexeyo (Tenants in Common.) ama dad si wadajir hoya u wadaaga (Joint Tenanacy.) waxad u bahantahay in aad laxiriirtid xafiiska diwaan galinta dhulka (The Land Registry) si aad u aragtid inay jiran sharudo dhaxaltoyo oo diwan gashan. Waxa kalo ka ogan karta sharci yaqankii diyariyay warqadaha kala warejinta ee dhulka (coveyaning solicitor) in guriga aad ku ledihin dad guriga u dhexeyo (tenancy in Common.) iyo in kale. Waxa kale oo aad u bahan karta in aad ogatid in u dhaxal qoran jiro. Qofka marxunka dhulka la wadagaya waxuu kalo la iman kara qorshe u ku bixinayo deynti lagu laha marxunka si aan guriga lo gadin. Waxa la wareegin kara deynta guriyaha lagu qaato ama mid cusub baa ku qadan kartaa si ad guriga u haysatid. Tan waxay aad muhim u tahay haddi qofka nool u guriga ku noolyahay ama haddi u isaga guriga nus kii marxunka laha dhaxlayo.

Maxa dacaya Haddi u magacaygu ku dhignayn daynta guryaha lagu qaato?

Haddi u qof ku nool yahay guriga oo wax kala hayna ama ayan is qabin marxunkii, ogow in u jiro dardaran guriga iyaga loga tagayo. Haddi u san jirin, marka dhib ba jirikara u didaya in ay guriga si joogta ah ugu nooladan. Waxa loo bahanayaha sharci yaqan ku taqasusay talo bixinta arintaas in lo tago.

Guriyaha Ijarka ah

Haddi u jiro qofkale oo marxunka lanola, waxa dhici karta in u la wareegi karo degananshaha. Haddi ay hoy wadagid (Joint Tenants) kuwada daganayen si toos ah buu guriga ijarkiisa ugu waregaya. Qof familka ah baa la wareegi kara ama dhaxli kara, Haddi ay meeshas kula noolayen marxunki markii u dhimanayay. Mudada aytaha in aad lanolayd waa kala duwantahey waxayna ku xirantahay noca daganashaha. Soo ogow nooca heeshis daganashaho ee jiray.

Lacag ijar laguleeyahay

Haddi aad la wareegtid daganasho guri. taasu micnahedu ma aha waxad ku qasbantahay lacagti ijar ee hore logulaha guriga in aad bixisid. Haddi aadan guriga ku daganayn hoy wadagid( Joint Tenants.). Lacagti ijarkii hore logu laha waxa laga bixinay waxii u ka tagay marxunka. Adiguna waxad bixinaysa ijarka hada iyo waxii ka dambeya.

Daryeelka dawladu Bixiso

Hayadaha bixiya daryeel ka waa in lo sheega dhimashada waana in lo celiya buggagi lacagta lagu qaadan jiray markiba. Waxa dhici karta in aad lacag korsocod ah qadatid oo hadhow noqoto in dib laga gudsado wixii u marxunku ka tagay. Golaha degmadana (council) waa in loo sheega, haddi u qofku qadanayay kaalmo golaha degmada. Waxa jiri karta lacag u qofku ku leyahay kaalma bixita golaha degmada oo weli laqadan karo

Waxa dhici karta in caawinad laga helo lacag bixinta sanduuqa dawladda (social fund) haddi aad qaadatay masulyada dugta oo aadna qadatid Daryeelka dawaladu qaarkood sida taageerada kaalmada dhakhliga (income support), ama, kaalmada lagu kabo qoyska shaqeeya(working families tax credit), la xiriir hayada Daryeel bixinta dawalada is aad warbixin buuxda uga heshid.

Lacagti shidalkii la isticmalayay.

Haddi si wadagir ah laysula leyahay ama lo ijartay guri, qofka wali ku nool guriga ayay tahay in u bixiyo lacagta shidalka oo guriga lagu leyahay. Mar mar baa shirkadaha isku dayan in ay ku doodan in aad adiguna la isticimashay shidalkaas, saas darted ay tahay in aad bixisid in kaasto magacagu ku olin wargada lacagta lagu bixiyo. Haddi kale waxay noqonaysa in laga bixiyo lacagtaas wixii u marxunku ka tagay. Haddi cidi ku nooshahay gurigas waa in ay samaysatan qorsho shidalka bixintisa ay magacoda loogu qoro.

Biyaha iyo canshurta golaha degmada

Biyaha lacagtooda waxa laga bixinkara wixii u marxunka ka dhintay. Haddu gof ku nool yahay guriga, qofkaas baa si toos ah ugu wareegaya masulyada lacagta lagu leyahay bixinteeda xita haddi magacoodu ku qorneyn. Iyagana masul ka ah biyaha dambe oo la isticmalo.

Canshurta golaha degmada way joogasaneysa haddi aan qof kale guriga ku noolayn. Usheega golaha degmada sida ugu dhaqsaha badan. Qofkii la noola aya canshurta golaha degmada lagu leyahay xita haddi usan magacooda kuqornayn. Waxay kaloo ka masul noqonayan waxii dambe lakiin waxay waydisan karan in laga dhimo 25% hadii usan qofkale oo weyn guriga kula noolayn.

Heeshis ijar wax ku ibsasho

Heeshiiskan waxa kaliyo lagu kala ibsada baabuurta iyo qar kamid ah qalabka guriyaha la dhigto. Alaabtaas adiga malihid ila aad bixisid qaybta ugu dhambeysa deynta. Waxa aad muhim u ah in aad ogaatid in ay tahay ijar wax ku ibsasho inta aadan celinin alaabta wayo amaahiyahu waa in u amar Maxkamada ka helaa haddi saddex meelood meel inti lagu heeshiyay la bixiyay. Waxaa kalo dhici karta in aad celisid alaab u leyahay murxunki oo ah in ay kamid noqoto waxii u ka tagay.

Amahidi u qatay

Amahiyashu waa in ay sugan inta laisku toosinayo waxii u marxunka ka tagay, markas ay waydistan in dayntodi la siyo. Waxaa laga yaba in aad u bahatid qorsho aad deynta ku bixisid si aadan u dhumin gurigaga, Haddi gurigu kamid yahay xoolihi u katagay murxunka waxa dhici karto la gado si daynta loo bixiyo. Haddi ay cadahay in lacag yar ama waxba u san katagin, usheega in ay jojiyan radinta deynta si ay ubabi'iyan.

Xasuusnow qasab kuguma aha in aad bixisid daynta haddi adan saxiixin heeshis ah in aad daynta islaqadateen ama aadan wakiil ka aheen.

Waxii u katagay marxunku

Waxa laga yabaa in aad u bahantahay in aad ogatid wax yabahaan.

• Xisaabta Bangiga (Bank accounts);- Haddi ay magaciisa kaliya kufurnayd, qofna lacagtaas ma taban karo ilaa lahabeeyo waxii laga dhaxlay marxunkaas. Haddi qofkale la wadaaga, wali waa la isticmali kara. Hubi deynta tooska ah iyo waxii kale oo guriga bilalkiisa ah in wali la bixiyay ama in qorsha gaar ah lo samayay.
• Xaqisii (pensions);- Ogow xaqi u shaqo ama si kale ku yeeshay. Waxa dhici karta in kus lacag ah ama qorsha ceymis oo ah in laqato dhimashadiisa ka dib ama xaq si soconayo oo reer kiis qadanayan.
• Caymiska nafta (life insurance);- Ogow haddi caymis la gashay naftiisa. Qorshaha caymiska waxa dhici karta in lagu bixiyo marxunka daynti guriga ku qaatay ama in lacag hab qorsho ah meel ku dhigtay si loogu bixiyo deynta.
• Canshurta dakhliga (Income Tax);- hayada canshur qaada (The inland revenue) waxa loo bahan yahay in lala xiriro. Waxa dhici karta canshur soo celis ay jirto, haddi u qofku shaqeeynayay ama iskis u shaqaysanayay. Lacagta canshuraha oo lagu leyahay waa in laga bixiyo waxii laga dhaxlay.
• Dhaxal Qaybiye Sharciyeeysan (probate);- qof isku hagajiya waxii u laha marxun oo dhan waxa layirahda wakiil (personal representative). Haddi u waxa Marxunka laga dhaxlay wareer kujiro, waxa loo bahan kara in qof kasoo qato caden in u dardaaran ku qaybinkaro si sharciga waafaqsan(probate.) Taasu waxay u siinaysa awood sharci ah oo ku habeeyo hantidisa oo aadna ku bixiyo deymihi u qabay marxunka. Haddi aad ubaahantahay in aad dalbatid cadeen maxkamadeed daxal qaybiye sharciyaysan (probate) waa in aad latashata sharci yaqan (solicitor) ku taqasusay, hanti laga dhintay. Waxa fiican ah in aad la tashatid sharci yaqaan haddi hanti oo an dardaran lahayn laga dhinto waxad u bahantahay in aad ogatid sharciyada ku sabsan cid hanti dhaxleysa haddi dardaran jirin. Kuwaas waxa loo yaqana sharciyada lomarayo dhaxlida dhaxaka aan dardaran laheyn (intestacy results).

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